31.Ni ubuhe buryo bukomeye bwahagaritswe?
Ihagarikwa rya SS naryo ryitwa ibintu bitayungurura.Uburyo bwo gupima ni ugushungura icyitegererezo cyamazi hamwe na 0.45μm ya filteri ya membrane hanyuma ugahumeka no gukama ibisigara byayunguruwe kuri 103oC ~ 105oC.VSS ihagaritse ibintu bikomeye VSS bivuga ubwinshi bwibintu byahagaritswe bihindagurika nyuma yo gutwikwa ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa 600oC, bushobora kugereranya hafi ibirimo ibinyabuzima biri mu bintu byahagaritswe.Ibikoresho bisigaye nyuma yo gutwikwa ni ibintu bidahindagurika byahagaritswe, bishobora kugereranya hafi yibirimo ibintu bidafite umubiri mubi byahagaritswe.
Mu mazi y’amazi cyangwa mu mazi yanduye, ibiyigize hamwe nimiterere yibintu byahagaritswe bitangirika biratandukana bitewe nimiterere y’ibyuka ndetse n’urwego rw’umwanda.Ibihagarikwa byahagaritswe hamwe nibihindagurika byahagaritswe nibintu byingenzi byerekana igishushanyo mbonera cyo gutunganya amazi mabi no gucunga imikorere.
32. Ni ukubera iki ihagarikwa ryibintu byahagaritswe hamwe nibihindagurika byahagaritswe nibintu byingenzi muburyo bwo gutunganya amazi mabi no gucunga imikorere?
Ibisigara byahagaritswe hamwe nibihindagurika byahagaritswe mumazi yanduye nibintu byingenzi muburyo bwo gutunganya amazi mabi no gucunga imikorere.
Ku bijyanye n’ibintu byahagaritswe biri mu kigega cya kabiri cy’imyanda y’imyanda, igipimo cy’igihugu cyo mu rwego rwa mbere cyo gusohora imyanda giteganya ko kitagomba kurenga mg / L 70 (uruganda rutunganya imyanda yo mu mijyi ntirurenga 20 mg / L), rukaba ari rumwe muri ibyingenzi byingenzi bigenzura ubuziranenge bwamazi.Muri icyo gihe, ibinini byahagaritswe ni ikimenyetso cyerekana niba sisitemu isanzwe itunganya imyanda ikora bisanzwe.Impinduka zidasanzwe mu mubare w’ibintu byahagaritswe mu mazi biva mu kigega cya kabiri cy’imyanda cyangwa birenze urugero byerekana ko hari ikibazo kijyanye na sisitemu yo gutunganya imyanda, kandi hagomba gufatwa ingamba zikwiye kugira ngo isubizwe mu buryo busanzwe.
Ibikoresho byahagaritswe (MLSS) hamwe nibihindagurika byahagaritswe (MLVSS) mumashanyarazi akoreshwa mubikoresho byo gutunganya ibinyabuzima bigomba kuba biri mubipimo runaka, kandi kuri sisitemu yo gutunganya imyanda itwara imyanda ifite ubwiza bw’amazi buhamye, hari isano iri hagati yu bibiri.Niba MLSS cyangwa MLVSS irenze urwego runaka cyangwa ikigereranyo kiri hagati yimpinduka zombi, hagomba gushyirwaho ingufu kugirango bisubizwe mubisanzwe.Bitabaye ibyo, ubwiza bwimyanda iva muri sisitemu yo kuvura ibinyabuzima byanze bikunze izahinduka, ndetse n’ibipimo bitandukanye byangiza ikirere, harimo n’ibisigazwa byahagaritswe, bizarenga ibipimo.Byongeye kandi, mugupima MLSS, igipimo cyerekana ingano yimvange ya tanke ya aeration irashobora kandi gukurikiranwa kugirango isobanukirwe nimiterere yimiterere nigikorwa cyimyanda ikora nibindi bihagarika biologiya.
33. Nubuhe buryo bwo gupima ibintu byahagaritswe?
GB11901-1989 yerekana uburyo bwo kumenya gravimetricike yo kugena ibintu byahagaritswe mumazi.Iyo upimye ibintu byahagaritswe SS, ingano runaka yamazi yanduye cyangwa amazi avanze muri rusange arakusanywa, akayungururwa hamwe na 0.45 μm ya filteri ya membrane kugirango ahagarike ibintu byahagaritswe, kandi akayunguruzo gakoreshwa muguhagarika ibice byahagaritswe mbere na nyuma.Itandukaniro rusange ni umubare wibintu byahagaritswe.Igice gisanzwe cya SS kumazi rusange yamazi hamwe nigisohoka cya kabiri cyimyanda ni mg / L, mugihe igice rusange cya SS kubigega bya aeration bivanze n'amazi yo kugaruka ni g / L.
Iyo upimye urugero rwamazi hamwe nagaciro gakomeye ka SS nka aeration ivanze ninzoga zisubira mu nganda zitunganya amazi y’amazi, kandi mugihe ibisubizo byibipimo byapimwe ari bike, impapuro zo kuyungurura zishobora gukoreshwa aho gukoresha 0.45 μm muyunguruzi.Ibi ntibishobora kwerekana gusa uko ibintu bimeze kugirango bayobore imikorere yimikorere yumusaruro nyirizina, ariko kandi bizigama ibiciro byo kwipimisha.Ariko, mugihe upimye SS mumazi ya kabiri yimyanda cyangwa amazi yimbitse, amazi ya 0.45 μm filter membrane agomba gukoreshwa mugupima, bitabaye ibyo ikosa mubisubizo byo gupima rizaba rinini cyane.
Mubikorwa byo gutunganya amazi mabi, guhagarika ibinini byahagaritswe nikimwe mubintu bigomba gukenera kumenyekana kenshi, nka inlet yahagaritswe kwibumbira hamwe, kuvanga amazi avanze yibitekerezo, kugaruka kwa shitingi, kwibumbira hamwe, nibindi kugirango ubyihute. menya agaciro ka SS, metero yibirindiro ikoreshwa kenshi mubihingwa bitunganya amazi mabi, harimo ubwoko bwa optique nubwoko bwa ultrasonic.Ihame shingiro rya metero ya optique ya optique ni ugukoresha urumuri rumurika kugirango rutatanye iyo ruhuye nuduce twahagaritswe iyo tunyuze mumazi, kandi ubukana buracika intege.Ikwirakwizwa ry'umucyo riri mu kigero runaka ugereranije n'umubare n'ubunini by'ibice byahagaritswe byahuye nabyo.Umucyo utatanye ugaragazwa na selile yifotora.n'urwego rwo kworohereza urumuri, kwibumbira mu mazi birashobora gutangwa.Ihame rya metero ya ultrasonic sludge yibipimo ni uko iyo imiraba ya ultrasonic inyuze mumazi yanduye, kwiyongera kwingufu za ultrasonic bigereranywa no kwibumbira mubice byahagaritswe mumazi.Mugutahura ibyiyumvo bya ultrasonic hamwe na sensor idasanzwe, umwanda wamazi mumazi urashobora gutahurwa.
34. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kwirinda bwo kugena ibintu byahagaritswe?
Mugihe cyo gupima no gutoranya, icyitegererezo cyamazi yamazi yikigega cya kabiri cyimyanda cyangwa icyitegererezo cyakoreshejwe mugikoresho cyo kuvura ibinyabuzima kigomba kuba gihagarariwe, kandi ibice binini byibintu bireremba cyangwa ibikoresho byimyenda itandukanye byinjijwemo bigomba kuvaho.Kugirango wirinde ibisigara birenze urugero kuri disiki ya filteri kwinjiza amazi no kongera igihe cyo kumisha, ingano yicyitegererezo nibyiza gutanga mg 2,5 kugeza 200 mg za solide zahagaritswe.Niba ntayindi shingiro ifite, urugero rwicyitegererezo cyo guhagarikwa gukomeye rushobora gushyirwaho nka 100ml, kandi rugomba kuvangwa neza.
Iyo upimye ibyitegererezo byakozwe, bitewe nibintu binini byahagaritswe, urugero rwibintu byahagaritswe murugero akenshi birenga 200 mg.Muri iki gihe, igihe cyo kumisha kigomba kongerwa mu buryo bukwiye, hanyuma kikimurirwa ku cyuma kugirango gikonje kugirango ubushyuhe buringaniye mbere yo gupima.Gusubiramo kenshi no gukama kugeza ibiro bihoraho cyangwa gutakaza ibiro biri munsi ya 4% yuburemere bwabanje.Kugirango wirinde ibikorwa byinshi byo kumisha, kumisha, no gupima, buri ntambwe nigikorwa bigomba kugenzurwa cyane kandi bikarangira byigenga numutekinisiye wa laboratoire kugirango tekinike ihamye.
Ingero z’amazi zegeranijwe zigomba gusesengurwa no gupimwa vuba bishoboka.Niba bakeneye kubikwa, birashobora kubikwa muri firigo ya 4oC, ariko igihe cyo kubika amazi ntagomba kurenza iminsi 7.Kugirango habeho ibisubizo byo gupima neza uko bishoboka kwose, mugihe upimye urugero rwamazi hamwe nagaciro gakomeye ka SS nka aeration ivanze namazi, ingano yicyitegererezo cyamazi irashobora kugabanuka muburyo bukwiye;mugihe mugupima urugero rwamazi hamwe nagaciro gake ka SS nkibisohoka byamazi ya kabiri, amazi yikizamini arashobora kwiyongera muburyo bukwiye.Ingano nkiyi.
Iyo upimye ubunini bwamazi hamwe nagaciro gakomeye ka SS nko kugaruka kumashanyarazi, kugirango wirinde ibitangazamakuru byungurura nka filteri ya membrane cyangwa impapuro zo kuyungurura guhagarika ibintu byinshi byahagaritswe no kwinjiza amazi menshi, igihe cyo kumisha kigomba kongerwa.Iyo upima ibiro bihoraho, birakenewe Kwitondera uko uburemere buhinduka.Niba impinduka ari nini cyane, akenshi bivuze ko SS kuri filteri ya membrane yumye hanze kandi itose imbere, kandi igihe cyo kumisha kigomba kongerwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-12-2023
