Eutrophasi yimibiri yamazi: ikibazo cyicyatsi cyisi yisi

Eutrophasi yimibiri yamazi bivuga ibintu byerekana ko ibikorwa byabantu, intungamubiri nka azote na fosifore zisabwa n’ibinyabuzima byinjira mu mazi atemba buhoro nkibiyaga, inzuzi, ibiyaga, nibindi byinshi, bikavamo kubyara vuba. algae nizindi plankton, igabanuka rya ogisijeni yashonze mumubiri wamazi, kwangirika kwamazi meza, no gupfa kwinshi kw amafi nibindi binyabuzima.
Impamvu zibitera zirimo ahanini ibi bikurikira:
1. Intungamubiri zikabije: Ibirimo intungamubiri nyinshi nka fosifore yose hamwe na azote yose niyo nyirabayazana ya eutrophasi yumubiri wamazi.
2. Amazi atemba: Amazi atemba gahoro (nkibiyaga, ibigega, nibindi) bituma bigora intungamubiri mumubiri wamazi kuyungurura no gukwirakwizwa, bifasha gukura kwa algae.
3. Ubushyuhe bukwiye: Kongera ubushyuhe bwamazi, cyane cyane hagati ya 20 ℃ na 35 ℃, bizamura imikurire niyororoka rya algae.
4. Ibintu byabantu: Umubare munini wa azote na fosifore irimo amazi y’amazi, imyanda n’ifumbire mvaruganda biva mu nganda, ubuhinzi n’ubuzima mu turere dukikije ubukungu bwateye imbere kandi butuwe cyane ni ibintu byingenzi bitera abantu kwangiza umubiri w’amazi. ‌

Eutrophasi yimibiri yamazi ningaruka kubidukikije
Ingaruka za eutrophasi yimibiri yamazi kubidukikije igaragarira cyane cyane mubice bikurikira:
1. Iyangirika ry’amazi: Imyororokere nini ya algae izatwara ogisijeni yashonze mu mubiri w’amazi, bigatuma amazi yangirika kandi bigira ingaruka ku mibereho y’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi.
2. Ubusumbane bw’ibidukikije: Gukura kw’umusazi kwa algae bizasenya ibintu n’ingufu by’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi, biganisha ku busumbane bw’ikwirakwizwa ry’ibinyabuzima, ndetse bisenya buhoro buhoro urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byose byo mu mazi. ‌
3. Guhumanya ikirere: Kubora no kubora kwa algae bizana impumuro kandi bihumanya ibidukikije.
4. Ibura ry’amazi: Iyangirika ry’ubuziranenge bw’amazi bizongera ikibazo cyo kubura umutungo w’amazi.
Ikiyaga cyahoze gisobanutse kandi kidafite epfo na ruguru cyahindutse icyatsi. Ibi ntibishobora kuba imbaraga zimpeshyi, ahubwo ni ikimenyetso cyo kuburira eutrophasi yimibiri yamazi.
Eutrophication yubwiza bwamazi, mumagambo yoroshye, ni "imirire mibi" mumibiri yamazi. Iyo ibirimo intungamubiri nka azote na fosifore mu mazi atemba gahoro gahoro nk'ibiyaga n'inzuzi ari byinshi cyane, ni nko gufungura “buffet” kuri algae na plankton. Bazororoka cyane kandi babe "amazi arabye". Ibi ntibitera amazi gusa, ahubwo bizana urukurikirane rwibibazo bikomeye byibidukikije.

Imbaraga zitera inyuma ya eutrophasi yumubiri wamazi, none izo ntungamubiri zikabije zituruka he? Hano hari amasoko akurikira:
Ifumbire mvaruganda: Mu rwego rwo kongera umusaruro w’ibihingwa, hakoreshwa ifumbire mvaruganda nyinshi, kandi ifumbire ya azote na fosifore nyinshi yinjira mu mazi y’amazi y’imvura.
Umwanda wo mu ngo: Umwanda wo mu ngo mu mijyi urimo intungamubiri nyinshi mu bikoresho byogejwe hamwe n’ibisigazwa by’ibiribwa. Niba irekuwe neza itavuwe cyangwa itavuwe nabi, izahinduka nyirabayazana ya eutrophasi yimibiri yamazi.
Ibyuka bihumanya mu nganda: Inganda zimwe zizatanga amazi mabi arimo azote na fosifore mugihe cyo gukora. Niba idasohotse neza, izananduza umubiri wamazi.
Ibintu bisanzwe: Nubwo ibintu bisanzwe nkisuri yubutaka bishobora no kuzana intungamubiri zimwe na zimwe, muri societe igezweho, ibikorwa byabantu nibyo bitera intandaro y’amazi meza.

Ingaruka za eutrophasi yimibiri yamazi:
Kwangirika kw’amazi: Kwiyongera kwinshi kwa algae bizatwara ogisijeni yashonze mu mazi, bigatuma amazi meza yangirika ndetse anasohora umunuko udashimishije.
Ubusumbane bw’ibidukikije: Indwara ya algae izanyunyuza ahantu hatuwe n’ibindi binyabuzima byo mu mazi, bitera amafi n’ibindi binyabuzima kandi byangiza ibidukikije.

Igihombo cyubukungu: Eutrophication izagira ingaruka ku iterambere ryinganda nkuburobyi nubukerarugendo, bitera igihombo mubukungu bwaho.

Ibyago byubuzima: Amazi ya Eutropique ashobora kuba arimo ibintu byangiza nka bagiteri nuburozi, byangiza ubuzima bwabantu.

Hamwe nimpamvu zitera eutrophasi yumubiri wamazi, ibizamini bya azote na fosifore bikenewe bikorerwa kumyanda yo mu ngo n’amazi mabi y’inganda, kandi "guhagarika" isoko bishobora kugabanya neza kwinjiza intungamubiri zidasanzwe. Muri icyo gihe, gutahura no kugenzura azote, fosifore n'ibindi bipimo mu biyaga no mu nzuzi bizatanga inkunga ikenewe kandi ifate ibyemezo byo kubungabunga umutekano w’amazi no kuyirinda.

Nibihe bipimo bipimishwa kuri eutrophasi yimibiri yamazi?
Ibipimo byerekana amazi ya eutrophasique harimo chlorophyll a, fosifore yose (TP), azote yose (TN), gukorera mu mucyo (SD), indangagaciro ya permanganate (CODMn), ogisijeni yashonze (DO), ogisijeni ikomoka ku binyabuzima (BOD), ikenerwa na ogisijeni ya chimique (BOD) COD), karubone yose (TOC), ogisijene ikenewe (TOD), ibirimo azote, ibirimo fosifore, bagiteri zose, nibindi.

LH-P300 ni ubukungu bwikurura ibipimo byinshi byamazi meza ashobora gupima vuba kandi nezaKODazote ya ammonia, fosifore yose, azote yose, imyanda ihumanya hamwe n’imyanda ihumanya mu byitegererezo by’amazi. Irashobora guhaza ibikenerwa byingenzi bya azote na fosifore byerekana amazi ya eutrophasi. Igikoresho ni gito kandi cyoroshye, cyoroshye gukora kandi gikora neza, hamwe nigiciro kinini cyane. Amazi ya eutrophasiya afitanye isano nubuzima bwa buri wese, ubuzima nubuzima bwiza. Binyuze mu gukurikirana no gusubiza siyanse, nizera ko tuzashobora gutsinda iki kibazo no kurinda umutungo w'amazi twishingikirizaho kugirango tubeho. Reka duhere guhera ubu, duhere kubintu bito bidukikije, kandi dutange umusanzu witerambere rirambye ryumutungo wamazi!