UwitekaMetero yumubirini igikoresho gikoreshwa mu kumenya umwanda kama mu mazi.Imetero ya BOD ikoresha urugero rwa ogisijeni ikoreshwa n’ibinyabuzima kugirango isenye ibinyabuzima kugirango isuzume ubwiza bw’amazi.
Ihame rya metero ya BOD rishingiye ku nzira yo kubora imyanda ihumanya mu mazi na bagiteri no gukoresha ogisijeni.Ubwa mbere, urugero runaka rwikitegererezo ruvanwa mu cyitegererezo cy’amazi kugira ngo rusuzumwe, hanyuma icyitegererezo cyongewe ku icupa ryo gupimwa ririmo reagent ya biologiya, irimo imico ya bagiteri cyangwa mikorobe ishobora kumena imyanda ihumanya kandi ikarya ogisijeni.
Ibikurikira, icupa rya assay ririmo icyitegererezo hamwe na reagent biologique bifunze kandi bigashyirwa mubushyuhe bwihariye kugirango incubation.Mugihe cyo guhinga, imyanda ihumanya ibora, iherekejwe no kwiyongera kwa ogisijeni ikoreshwa.Mugupima umwuka wa ogisijeni usigaye wacitse mumacupa nyuma yumuco, agaciro ka BOD murugero rwamazi karashobora kubarwa, gakoreshwa mugusuzuma ubwinshi bwimyanda ihumanya hamwe nubuziranenge bwamazi mumubiri wamazi.
Irashobora gukoreshwa mugukurikirana ingaruka zo gutunganya ibihingwa bitunganya imyanda no gusuzuma ibinyabuzima biri mumazi y’amazi nkimyanda yo mu ngo, amazi mabi y’inganda n’amazi y’ubuhinzi.Mugupima agaciro ka BOD, dushobora gusuzuma ingaruka zo gutunganya imyanda hamwe n’urwego rw’umwanda w’amazi, kandi tugahanura ikoreshwa rya ogisijeni y’ibinyabuzima muri urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima.Byongeye kandi, igikoresho gishobora kandi gukoreshwa mugukurikirana ibintu byangirika cyangwa uburozi mumibiri y’amazi, bitanga umurongo wo kurinda umutungo w’amazi n’ibidukikije.
Imetero ya BOD ifite ibyiza byo gukoresha byoroshye, gupima byihuse kandi byukuri.Ugereranije nubundi buryo bwo gupima, birarenze, ubukungu kandi bwizewe.Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, hari imbogamizi mugukoresha iki gikoresho, nkigihe cyo gupima igihe kirekire (mubisanzwe iminsi 5-7, cyangwa iminsi 1-30), nibisabwa cyane mugutunganya ibikoresho no gucunga ibinyabuzima.Byongeye kandi, kubera ko inzira yo kugena ishingiye ku myitwarire y’ibinyabuzima, ibisubizo bigira ingaruka ku bidukikije n’ibikorwa by’ibinyabuzima, kandi n’ubushakashatsi bugomba gukurikiranwa cyane.
Muri make, metero ya BOD nigikoresho gikoreshwa mugupima imyanda ihumanya mumazi.Isuzuma ubwiza n’urwego rw’umwanda w’amazi mu gupima ingano ya ogisijeni ikoreshwa igihe ibinyabuzima biri mu ngero z’amazi byangirika.Ifite uruhare runini mugukurikirana ubuziranenge bwamazi no kurengera ibidukikije, kandi itanga amakuru yingirakamaro hamwe nogufasha gucunga ibidukikije no kurengera umutungo wamazi.Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, nizera ko imikorere nibikorwa byiki gikoresho bizakomeza kwaguka no gutera imbere.
Ingaruka ya BOD ikabije igaragarira cyane cyane mubice bikurikira:
1. Kurya ogisijeni yashonze mu mazi: Ibirimo BOD birenze urugero bizihutisha umuvuduko w’imyororokere ya bagiteri zo mu kirere n’ibinyabuzima byo mu kirere, bigatuma ogisijeni iri mu mazi ikoreshwa vuba, bigatuma ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi bipfa.
2. Kwangirika kwubwiza bwamazi: Kwororoka kwinshi kwa mikorobe ikoresha ogisijeni mumubiri wamazi bizatwara ogisijeni yashonze kandi bihuze umwanda kama mubice byubuzima bwayo.Numutungo wo kwisukura wumubiri wamazi.BOD ikabije izatera bagiteri zo mu kirere, protozoa zo mu kirere, hamwe n’ibimera kavukire byo mu kirere byiyongera ku bwinshi, bitwara ogisijeni byihuse, biganisha ku rupfu rw’amafi na shrimp, ndetse no kubyara cyane kwa bagiteri za anaerobic.
3. Ihindura ubushobozi bwo kwisukura bwumubiri wamazi: Ibiri muri ogisijeni yashonze mumubiri wamazi bifitanye isano rya bugufi nubushobozi bwo kwisukura bwumubiri wamazi.Hasi ya ogisijeni yashonze, niko intege nke zo kwiyeza umubiri wamazi.
4. Kora impumuro: Ibirimo BOD birenze urugero bizatera umubiri wamazi kubyara impumuro, ibyo ntibigire ingaruka kumiterere yamazi gusa, ahubwo binabangamira ibidukikije ndetse nubuzima bwabantu.
5Ibi bintu bizasenya uburinganire bw’ibidukikije byo mu mazi kandi bibangamire ubuzima bw’abantu n’amazi yo kunywa.
Kubwibyo, BOD ikabije nikintu cyingenzi cyamazi meza yanduye, ashobora kwerekana mu buryo butaziguye ibirimo ibinyabuzima byangirika mu mazi.Niba umwanda ufite BOD ukabije usohotse mumazi asanzwe nkinzuzi ninyanja, ntabwo bizatera urupfu rwibinyabuzima mumazi gusa, ahubwo bizanatera uburozi budashira nyuma yo kwegeranya murwego rwibiryo no kwinjira mumubiri wumuntu, bigira ingaruka kuri sisitemu y'imitsi no kwangiza imikorere y'umwijima.
Igikoresho cya Lianhua muri iki gihe gikoreshwa cyane mu Bushinwa no mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya kugirango bamenye BOD mu mazi.Igikoresho kiroroshye gukora kandi gikoresha reagent nkeya, kugabanya intambwe zikorwa hamwe n’umwanda wa kabiri.Irakwiriye mubyiciro byose, kaminuza, hamwe namasosiyete akurikirana ibidukikije.n'imishinga ya leta yo kurwanya umwanda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-08-2024
