Gahunda yo gutunganya imyanda igabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu:
Ubuvuzi bwibanze: kuvura kumubiri, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa mashini, nka grille, ubutayu cyangwa ikirere, kugirango ukureho amabuye, umucanga na kaburimbo, ibinure, amavuta, nibindi bikubiye mumyanda.
Kuvura icyiciro cya kabiri: kuvura ibinyabuzima, imyanda ihumanya imyanda irangirika kandi ihinduka umwanda bitewe na mikorobe.
Kuvura icyiciro cya gatatu: gutunganya neza imyanda, ikubiyemo gukuraho intungamubiri no kwanduza imyanda hakoreshejwe chlorine, imirasire ya ultraviolet cyangwa ikoranabuhanga rya ozone. Ukurikije intego zo gutunganya nubuziranenge bwamazi, inzira zimwe zo gutunganya imyanda ntabwo zirimo inzira zose zavuzwe haruguru.
01 Ubuvuzi bwibanze
Igice cya mashini (urwego rwa mbere) cyo kuvura gikubiyemo ibyubaka nka grilles, ibyumba bya grit, ibigega byibanze byimyanda, nibindi, kugirango bikureho uduce duto kandi twinshi twahagaritswe. Ihame ryo kuvura ni ukugera ku gutandukana gukomeye-amazi binyuze muburyo bwumubiri no gutandukanya umwanda n’umwanda, ubwo ni uburyo bukoreshwa mu gutunganya imyanda.
Gutunganya imashini (primaire) ni umushinga ukenewe mubikorwa byose byo gutunganya imyanda (nubwo inzira zimwe na zimwe zisiba ikigega cyibanze), kandi igipimo cyo gukuraho BOD5 na SS muburyo bwo gutunganya imyanda yo mumijyi ni 25% na 50%. .
Mu binyabuzima bya fosifore na azote bivanaho imyanda itunganya imyanda, ibyumba bya grit bihumeka ntibisanzwe birinda gukuraho ibinyabuzima byangirika vuba; mugihe ubwiza bwamazi buranga imyanda mbisi idahuye nogukuraho fosifore na azote, gushyiraho imyanda yibanze hamwe nogushiraho Uburyo bugomba gusesengurwa neza kandi bugasuzumwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwo gukurikirana ibiranga ubwiza bwamazi, kugirango harebwe no kuzamura ubwiza bwamazi meza yo gukurikirana nko gukuraho fosifore no denitrification.
02 Kuvura kabiri
Kuvura imyanda y’ibinyabuzima ni iy'ubuvuzi bwa kabiri, hagamijwe intego nyamukuru yo kuvanaho ibintu bidashobora guhagarikwa hamwe n’ibinyabuzima byangiza ibinyabuzima byangirika. Ibikorwa byayo biratandukanye, bishobora kugabanywa muburyo bukoreshwa bwa siliveri, uburyo bwa AB, uburyo bwa A / O, Uburyo bwa A2 / O, uburyo bwa SBR, uburyo bwo gucukura umwobo wa okiside, uburyo bwicyuzi cya stabilisation, uburyo bwa CASS, uburyo bwo gutunganya ubutaka nubundi buryo bwo kuvura. Kugeza ubu, inganda nyinshi zitunganya imyanda zikoresha uburyo bwo gukora imyanda.
Ihame ryo kuvura ibinyabuzima ni ukurangiza kwangirika kw ibinyabuzima no guhuza ibinyabuzima binyuze mu bikorwa by’ibinyabuzima, cyane cyane ibikorwa bya mikorobe, no guhindura imyanda ihumanya mu bicuruzwa bitagira ingaruka (CO2), ibicuruzwa biva mu mazi (amazi) n’ibicuruzwa bikungahaye ku binyabuzima. . Igicuruzwa gikomeye (itsinda rya mikorobe cyangwa ibinyabuzima byangiza); umwanda mwinshi wibinyabuzima utandukanijwe nigikomeye n’amazi mu kigega cyimyanda kandi kigakurwa mu myanda isukuye. i
03 Kuvura gatatu
Gutunganya icyiciro cya gatatu ni uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya amazi, aribwo buryo bwo gutunganya amazi mabi nyuma yo kuvurwa bwa kabiri, kandi nicyo gipimo kinini cyo gutunganya imyanda. Kugeza ubu, nta bihingwa byinshi byo gutunganya imyanda mu gihugu cyacu bishyirwa mu bikorwa.
Ihakana kandi ikanatanga amazi nyuma yo kuvurwa kwa kabiri, ikuraho umwanda usigaye mu mazi ukoresheje karubone ya adsorption ikora cyangwa igahindura osmose, ikananduza na ozone cyangwa chlorine kugira ngo yice bagiteri na virusi, hanyuma ikohereza amazi yatunganijwe mu Nzira y'amazi ikoreshwa nka amasoko y'amazi yo koza ubwiherero, gutera imihanda, kuvomera umukandara wicyatsi, amazi yinganda, no gukumira umuriro.
Birashobora kugaragara ko uruhare rwibikorwa byo gutunganya imyanda bituruka gusa ku guhindura ibinyabuzima no gutandukanya amazi-akomeye, mu gihe cyoza umwanda no gutunganya imyanda ihumanya, harimo umwanda w’ibanze wakozwe mu gice cy’ibanze cy’ubuvuzi, Ibisigaye bisigaye bikora byakozwe mugice cya kabiri cyo kuvura hamwe na shitingi ya chimique yakozwe mubuvuzi bwa gatatu.
Kubera ko ibyo bisigazwa birimo ibintu byinshi byangiza umubiri na virusi, kandi byangiritse kandi binuka byoroshye, biroroshye guteza umwanda wa kabiri, kandi umurimo wo gukuraho umwanda nturarangira. Amazi agomba gutabwa neza binyuze mukugabanya ingano, kugabanya amajwi, gutuza no kuvura bitagira ingaruka. Intsinzi yo gutunganya imyanda no kuyijugunya igira ingaruka zikomeye kumyanda kandi igomba gufatanwa uburemere.
Niba umwanda utavuwe, umwanda ugomba gusohorwa hamwe n’imyanda yatunganijwe, kandi ingaruka zo kweza uruganda rw’imyanda zizavaho. Kubwibyo, mubikorwa nyabyo byo gusaba, gutunganya imyanda mugikorwa cyo gutunganya imyanda nayo irakomeye.
04 Inzira ya Deodorisation
Muri byo, uburyo bwumubiri burimo cyane cyane uburyo bwa dilution, uburyo bwa adsorption, nibindi.; uburyo bwa chimique burimo uburyo bwo kwinjiza, uburyo bwo gutwika, nibindi.; kwiyuhagira n'ibindi
Isano iri hagati yo gutunganya amazi no gupima ubuziranenge bwamazi
Mubisanzwe, ibikoresho byo gupima ubuziranenge bwamazi bizakoreshwa mugikorwa cyo gutunganya amazi mabi, kugirango tumenye imiterere yihariye yubuziranenge bwamazi turebe niba yujuje ubuziranenge!
Gupima ubuziranenge bwamazi nibisabwa mugutunganya amazi. Ku bijyanye n'ibihe tugezemo, amazi menshi akoreshwa mu buzima no mu nganda, kandi amazi mabi mu buzima ndetse n’imyanda mu musaruro w’inganda nayo iriyongera. Amazi aramutse asohotse mu buryo butaziguye atasohoka, ntabwo yangiza ibidukikije gusa, ahubwo yangiza cyane gahunda y’ibidukikije. Kubwibyo, hagomba kubaho kumenya gusohora imyanda no gupima. Inzego zibishinzwe zagaragaje ibipimo ngenderwaho bijyanye no gutunganya amazi. Gusa nyuma yo kwipimisha no kwemeza ko ibipimo byujujwe barashobora gusezererwa. Kumenya imyanda ikubiyemo ibipimo byinshi, nka pH, ibinini byahagaritswe, umuvuduko, isukari ya ogisijeni ikenerwa (COD), ogisijeni ikomoka ku binyabuzima (BOD), fosifore yose, azote yuzuye, n'ibindi. Gusa nyuma yo gutunganya amazi ibyo bipimo bishobora kuba munsi y’isohoka. bisanzwe dushobora kwemeza ingaruka zo gutunganya amazi, kugirango tugere ku ntego yo kurengera ibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-09-2023
