Ikibazo cy’amazi Yancheng nyuma y’icyorezo cya algae y’ubururu n’icyatsi mu kiyaga cya Taihu cyongeye kuvuza induru yo kurengera ibidukikije. Kugeza ubu, icyateye umwanda cyamenyekanye mbere. Ibimera bito byimiti bikwirakwijwe hafi y’amazi abaturage 300.000 bashingiraho. Amazi y’amazi asohoka nabo yanduye cyane amasoko yo kunywa. Niba byihutirwa gukemura iki kibazo gikomeye cy’umwanda w’amazi mu nganda z’imiti, abanyamakuru baherutse kumenya ko amasosiyete atunganya amazi akoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda n’imiti itandukanye y’amazi arimo kwiyongera. Nk’uko iperereza ry’umunyamakuru ribigaragaza, hari ahantu hahuze cyane ku bwinjiriro bw’uruganda rusange rwa Henan Huaquan. Byumvikane ko kubera amabwiriza ahoraho, kuri ubu umujyi wa Gongyi wo mu mujyi wa Fuyuan wogeza ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi, Ltd, Songxin Filter Material Industry Co., Ltd., Hongfa Net Water water water Company nka Water Materials Co., Ltd. Uruganda rukora isuku rutanga ibikoresho byoza amazi, karubone ikora, hamwe na flocculants ikora impapuro zikora mubushobozi bwuzuye. Reka umwanditsi akujyane mubikorwa byo gutunganya amazi hanyuma umenye ibijyanye ninkota yaka yo kuvura umwanda w’amazi.
Ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi bivuga imiti ikoreshwa mugutunganya amazi. Zikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’imiti, peteroli, inganda zoroheje, imiti ya buri munsi, imyenda, icapiro n’irangi, ubwubatsi, metallurgie, imashini, ubuvuzi n’ubuzima, ubwikorezi, kurengera ibidukikije mu mijyi no mu cyaro n’izindi nganda kugira ngo zibungabunge amazi. n'intego yo gukumira umwanda.
Ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi birimo ibikoresho bikenerwa mugukonjesha amazi no gutunganya amazi yo guteka, kuvoma amazi yinyanja, gutandukanya membrane, kuvura ibinyabuzima, flocculation no guhana ion nibindi buhanga. Nkibishobora kwangirika, kubuza kwipimisha no gukwirakwiza, imiti yica bagiteri na algaecidal, flocculants, imiti yo guhanahana ion, isuku, ibikoresho byoza, ibikoresho byabanjirije firime, nibindi.
Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha no gutunganya, ubwoko bwingenzi bwibikorwa byo gutunganya amazi ni:
Hindura osmose sisitemu yamazi meza yo gutunganya amazi: Ukoresheje imyiteguro ivanze ningaruka nziza yo kuvura hamwe, irashobora gukumira neza ishyirwaho ryikigereranyo cya mikorobe na mikorobe, kuzamura igipimo cyumunyu n’umusaruro w’amazi, kandi bikongerera igihe cya serivisi RO membrane.
Umwihariko wo kurwanya-gupima, umukozi udasanzwe wo gukora isuku
Kuzenguruka gutunganya amazi akonje: menya neza ko iminara ikonjesha amazi, chillers nibindi bikoresho bimeze neza, kugenzura neza ibimera bya mikorobe, kubuza kubyara ibipimo, no kwirinda kwangirika kwibikoresho byumuyoboro. Kugera ku ntego yo kugabanya gukoresha ingufu no kongera igihe cya serivisi y'ibikoresho. Gutegura gahunda yo gutunganya amazi kumushinga, ukoresheje imyiteguro yo gutunganya amazi yumwuga hamwe na sisitemu ya tekiniki yuzuye.
Algaecide ya bagiteri
Gutegura amazi yo guteka bifata imyiteguro yingirakamaro hamwe ningaruka nziza yo kuvura ikomatanya kugirango irinde kwangirika no kwipimisha, gutekesha ubwiza bw’amazi, kwemeza imikorere isanzwe, kugabanya imikoreshereze yumubiri wa boiler, no kongera ubuzima bwa serivisi .
Gutegura amazi yo gutunganya
Urashobora gukora isuku
Guhindura ibinyobwa
Gusasira icyumba kizenguruka amazi yo gutunganya amazi: Umukozi ni ugutegura hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza. Ibisigazwa by'irangi bivura bifite ibyiza byo kubura umwuma. Ibisigazwa by'irangi bivuwe biri mumisa idafatanye, yorohereza salvage nibindi bitunganyirizwa murwego rukurikira. Ibidukikije bya farumasi bifite isura nziza kandi ikora neza. Irashobora gukumira neza ibibazo biterwa no gusiga irangi kubikoresho byumuyoboro, mugihe kugabanyaIbirimo CODmu mazi, gukuraho impumuro, guteza imbere ibidukikije, no kongera igihe cya serivisi cyamazi azenguruka.
Imashini irangi irangi ikwirakwiza (irangi ryibicu coagulant)
guhagarika umukozi
Imyiteguro yo gutunganya amazi mabi: Ukoresheje tekinoroji yo gutunganya amazi meza, hamwe no gutunganya amazi yimbitse, amazi yatunganijwe arashobora kuba yujuje GB5084-1992, CECS61-94 yongeye kugarurwa n’amazi, nibindi, kandi birashobora gutunganywa igihe kirekire, bikabika amazi menshi ibikoresho.
Ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije COD idasanzwe
umukozi ufata ibyuma biremereye
Ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi no kubungabunga amazi
Kugirango tubike amazi, tugomba kubanza gufata amazi yinganda zikoreshwa cyane. Mu mazi y’inganda, amazi akonje afite igice kinini, agera kuri 60% kugeza 70%. Kubwibyo, kuzigama amazi akonje byabaye umurimo wihutirwa wo kubungabunga amazi yinganda.
Amazi akonje amaze gukoreshwa, gukoresha amazi birakizwa cyane. Nyamara, kubera guhora kwuka kwamazi akonje, imyunyu mumazi iba yibanze, kandi guhuza amazi akonje nikirere byongera cyane ibirimo ogisijeni na bagiteri byashonze, bikaviramo kwipimisha cyane, kwangirika na bagiteri na algae gukura mumazi akonje azenguruka, atuma ubushyuhe Igipimo cyivunjisha kigabanuka cyane kandi kubungabunga ni kenshi, bibangamira umusaruro usanzwe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibipimo byangiza, ibiyobora ruswa, algaecide ya bagiteri yica udukoko hamwe n’ibikoresho bifasha isuku, ibikoresho byabanjirije gufata amashusho, abatatanye, imiti yangiza, flocculants, nibindi bigomba kongerwaho mumazi akonje. Uru rutonde rwikoranabuhanga rwongeramo imiti kugirango irinde kwangirika, kwangirika, no gukura kwa bagiteri na algae mumazi azenguruka byitwa tekinoroji yo gutunganya amazi. Harimo kwitegura, gusukura, gutoragura, gufata amashusho mbere, gufata ibisanzwe, kuboneza urubyaro nibindi bikorwa. Gukoresha coagulants na flocculants mugutunganya mbere yo gutunganya imyanda nubundi buryo bwingenzi bwo gutunganya imyanda. Ubuhanga bwo gutunganya amazi yimiti buramenyekana mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga nkuburyo busanzwe kandi bunoze bwo kubungabunga amazi yinganda.
imiti yo gutunganya amazi
Ubuvuzi bwa chimique nubuhanga bwo kuvura bukoresha imiti kugirango ikureho kandi irinde kwipimisha, kwangirika, gukura kwa bagiteri na algae, no kweza amazi. Ikoresha coagulants kugirango ikureho umwanda wamazi mumazi mbisi, ikoresha inibitori yikigereranyo kugirango irinde kwipimisha, ikoresha inhibitori ya ruswa kugirango ibuze ruswa, ikoresha bagiteri yica mikorobe yangiza mikorobe yangiza, kandi ikoresha ibikoresho byogusukura kugirango ikureho ibisigazwa by ingese, urugero rushaje, irangi ryamavuta, n'ibindi
Hariho ubwoko butatu bwo gutunganya amazi bukoreshwa kubwinshi: flocculants; imiti yica bagiteri na algaecidal; nubunini hamwe na ruswa yangiza. Flocculant nayo yitwa coagulant. Igikorwa cyayo ni ugusobanura ibintu byahagaritswe mumazi no kugabanya umuvuduko wamazi. Ubusanzwe, flocculant yumunyu ngugu ikoreshwa mugushyiramo agace gato ka polymer polymer flocculant, igashonga mumazi ikavangwa neza namazi yatunganijwe kugirango ihagarare. Ibyinshi mubintu byagabanutse. Imiti ya bagiteri na algaecidal, izwi kandi nka biocide, ikoreshwa mu kugenzura cyangwa gukuraho bagiteri na algae mu mazi. Inzitizi zipima na ruswa zikoreshwa cyane cyane mukuzenguruka amazi akonje kugirango hongerwe amazi yibanze, kugabanya imyanda itwara amazi kugirango bigere ku kubungabunga amazi, no kugabanya kwangirika no kwangirika kw’ubushyuhe hamwe n’imiyoboro.
Reka twibande kuri bike muribi bikoresho byo gutunganya amazi.
1. Amagambo meza
1. Ibinyomoro bikomoka kuri krahisi
Mu myaka yashize, flocculants ya krahisi nayo yakoreshejwe cyane mugucapa no gusiga amarangi. Li Xuxiang nabandi bakoresheje ammonium perulfate nkuwatangije gushushanya no gukoporora ifu yigituba cyamazi na acrylonitrile. Ibinyamisogwe byahinduwe byateguwe byahujwe na coagulant yibanze ya aluminium chloride yo kuvura amazi yanduye no gusiga irangi, kandi igipimo cyo gukuraho imyanda gishobora kugera kuri 70%. Zhao Yansheng n'abandi, bashingiye ku ntambwe ebyiri zo guhuza intungamubiri za cationic carchic flocculant hakoreshejwe copolymerisation ya krahisi na acrylamide, yakoze synthesis yintambwe imwe hamwe nubushakashatsi bwakozwe kuri krahisi-acrylamide graft copolymer yahinduye cationic flocculant CSGM. Ibisubizo byiza byabonetse mugucapura no gusiga irangi amazi mabi ava murusyo. Chen Yucheng n'abandi. yakoresheje ibisigisigi bivuye mu gukora ifu ya konjac, akoresha urea nka catalizator, kandi akora flocculant No 1 binyuze muri esterifike ya fosifate mu kuvura icapiro no gusiga amarangi y’amazi arimo amarangi ya sulfuru. Iyo dosiye yari 120 mg / L, igipimo cyo gukuraho COD cyari 68.8%, naho igipimo cya chroma kigera kuri 92%. Yang Tongzai n'abandi. yashizemo cationic yahinduwe ya polymer flocculant ikoresheje krahisi nkibikoresho fatizo, ikanayikoresha mu gutunganya amazi mabi y’inganda yoroheje nko gucapa no gusiga irangi. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byagaragaje ko igipimo cyo kuvanaho ibintu byahagaritswe, COD, na chroma byari byinshi kandi havamo umwanda. Ubwinshi ni buto, kandi ubwiza bwamazi yatunganijwe aratera imbere cyane.
2. Ibikomoka kuri Lignin
Kuva mu myaka ya za 70, ibihugu by’amahanga byize kuri synthesis ya quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants ikoresheje lignine nkibikoresho fatizo, ikanabikoresha mu gutunganya amazi y’irangi kandi bigera ku ngaruka nziza z’imisozi. Zhu Jianhua n'abandi bo mu gihugu cyanjye bakoresheje lignin mu gukora impapuro zo guteka imyanda yo guteka kugira ngo bahuze imiti ivura amazi yo gucapa no gusiga irangi. Ibisubizo byerekanye ko lignin cationic surfactants ifite imiterere myiza ya flocculation kandi igipimo cya decolorisation kirenga 90%. Zhang Zhilan n'abandi. yakuye lignin muri straw pulp inzoga z'umukara nka flocculant, kandi agereranya ingaruka na chloride ya aluminium na polyacrylamide, yemeza ko lignine isumba iyindi mu kuvura icapiro no gusiga irangi. Lei Zhongfang n'abandi. yize kuvanamo lignine muri alkali straw pulp inzoga z'umukara mbere na nyuma yo kuvura anaerobic nka flocculant yo kuvura icapiro no gusiga irangi, kandi bigera ku musaruro mwiza. Hashingiwe kuri ibyo, Lei Zhongfang n'abandi. yize kandi ingaruka za flocculation ya lignin. Uburyo bwerekana ko lignin flocculant ari umukozi wo gutunganya amazi ufite ingaruka zidasanzwe kumyanda myinshi hamwe n’amazi ya aside irike.
3. Ibindi bintu bisanzwe bya polymer
Miya Shiguo n'abandi bakoresheje umutungo kamere nk'ibikoresho by'ibanze, hanyuma nyuma yo gutunganya umubiri na shimi, bakoze amphoteric composite coagulation decolorizing agent ASD-Ⅱ kugirango bahindure amazi y’irangi yo kugabanya kugabanuka, ibirunga, naftol, cationic na reaction reaction mu icapiro no gusiga ibiti. Mu igeragezwa rya decolorisation, impuzandengo ya decolorisation yari hejuru ya 80%, hamwe na hejuru ya 98%, naho igipimo cyo gukuraho COD cyari impuzandengo irenga 60%, hamwe na hejuru ya 80%. Zhang Qiuhua n'abandi. yakoresheje carboxymethyl chitosan flocculant yateje imbere kuvura no gusiga irangi amazi mabi ava muruganda. Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byerekanaga ko carboxymethyl chitosan flocculant yarutaga izindi zikunze gukoreshwa cyane zifite amazi meza y’amazi meza hamwe no gukuraho COD. Ibice bya molekulari.
2. Indwara ya bagiteri na algaecide
Irashobora gucukumbura neza imyororokere ya algae no gukura kwa sime. Ifite sterilisation nziza na algae yica ubushobozi muburyo butandukanye bwa pH, kandi ifite ingaruka zo gutatanya no kwinjira. Irashobora kwinjira no gukuraho sime no gukuramo algae ifatanye.
Byongeye, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukuraho amavuta. Ikoreshwa cyane mukuzenguruka sisitemu yo gukonjesha, sisitemu yo guteramo amavuta yo mumazi, hamwe na sisitemu y'amazi akonje. Irashobora gukoreshwa nka sterisile idafite okiside na algaecide hamwe na slime stripper. Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkurwego rwo kuringaniza fibre ya acrylic fibre no koroshya mbere yo gutunganya imyenda. no kuvura antistatike.
3. Inzitizi zingana na ruswa
Hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic aside HEDP
ibiranga:
HEDP ni igipimo cya fosifori ngengabuzima hamwe na inhibitori ya ruswa ishobora gukora inganda zihamye hamwe na ion zitandukanye zicyuma nka fer, umuringa, na zinc, kandi zishobora gushonga okiside hejuru yicyuma. HEDP irashobora kugira uruhare runini mu kwangirika no kubuza igipimo kuri 250 ° C, iracyahagaze neza munsi ya pH yo hejuru, ntabwo byoroshye hydrolyze, kandi ntabwo byoroshye kubora mugihe rusange cyumucyo nubushyuhe. Acide yayo na alkali irwanya hamwe na chlorine oxydeire iruta izindi fosifike kama (umunyu). HEDP irashobora gukora chelate yimpeta esheshatu hamwe nicyuma cyamazi mumazi, cyane cyane ion ya calcium. Kubwibyo, HEDP ifite ingaruka nziza yo kubuza n'ingaruka zigaragara zo gukemura. Iyo ikoreshejwe ifatanije nubundi buryo bwo gutunganya amazi, byerekana Synergy nziza. HEDP ikomeye nigicuruzwa gifite isuku nyinshi gikwiriye gukoreshwa ahantu hafite ubukonje bukabije; irakwiriye cyane cyane kubikoresho byogusukura nibindi byongera imiti ya buri munsi mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki.
Urwego rwa HEDP urwego rukoreshwa
HEDP ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikwirakwiza amazi akonje nk'ingufu z'amashanyarazi, inganda z’imiti, metallurgie, n’ifumbire, ndetse no mu byuma biciriritse n’umuvuduko ukabije, gutera amazi mu mavuta, hamwe n’imiyoboro ya peteroli mu rwego rwo kubuza kwangirika. HEDP irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byogusukura ibyuma nibitari ibyuma mubikorwa byinganda zoroshye. , peroxide stabilisateur hamwe nu muti wo gutunganya amabara mu nganda zo guhumanya no gusiga amarangi, hamwe n’ibikorwa bigoye mu nganda zitanga amashanyarazi ya cyanide. Ubusanzwe HEDP ikoreshwa ifatanije na polycarboxylic aside yo mu bwoko bwa inibitori ikwirakwiza.
Isoko ryogutunganya amazi riratera imbere muri 2009
Muri iki gihe, gutunganya imyanda bigenda byitabwaho n’inganda zo mu gihugu. Byongeye kandi, imishinga yo hepfo yatangiye gukora nyuma yimpeshyi itangiye, kandi ibikenerwa nogutunganya amazi biriyongera umunsi kumunsi. Muri rusange imiterere yibikorwa bya karubone ikora mu ntangiriro zumwaka ni byiza kurenza umwaka ushize. Umunyamakuru yamenye ko umusaruro ngarukamwaka w’ibicuruzwa byogeza amazi mu mujyi wa Gongyi, mu Ntara ya Henan bingana na 1/3 cy’igihugu cyose, kandi hari inganda 70 cyangwa 80 z’inganda zitunganya amazi.
Igihugu cyacu gifite akamaro kanini mu kurinda amasoko y’amazi no gutunganya imyanda, kandi cyakomeje kongerera inkunga politiki y’ibanze. Ndetse n'igihe ikibazo cy’imari ku isi cyagize ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda z’imiti, igihugu nticyigeze cyorohereza imiyoborere y’ibidukikije kandi gihagarika burundu ibigo by’imiti bifite imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Muri icyo gihe kandi, yashishikarije ishoramari no gushyiraho imishinga y’imiti idahumanya kandi ihumanya ikirere. . Kubwibyo, ibigo bitunganya amazi bizatangiza amahirwe mashya yiterambere muri 2009.
Umwaka ushize, kubera kugabanuka kwamasosiyete atunganya amazi, igipimo rusange cyibikorwa byari hafi 50% gusa mumwaka wose. Cyane cyane mumezi nyuma yikibazo cyubukungu cyatangiye, igipimo cyibikorwa cyari gito. Nyamara, ukurikije uko umusaruro uhagaze ubu, ibigo byinshi bigenda byongera umusaruro kandi buhoro buhoro biva mu gicucu cy’ibibazo by’amafaranga.
Kugeza ubu, igipimo cy’ibikorwa byinshi by’abakora impapuro zo gukora impapuro muri Guangdong kiriyongera. Vuba aha, amabwiriza twahawe n’amasosiyete arengera ibidukikije nayo yagiye yiyongera. Igipimo cyibikorwa byinganda cyiyongereye. Ibi biterwa ahanini nimpamvu zikurikira: Icya mbere, icapiro ryo hasi no gusiga irangi, gucapa no gusiga amarangi, Uruganda rukora impapuro rwatangiye gukora umwe umwe. Kubera ko inganda nkizo zizatanga amazi menshi y’amazi nyuma yo gukora, icyifuzo cy’ibikorwa byo gutunganya amazi nka pompaux flocculants biziyongera, ibyo bigatuma ibicuruzwa byongera amazi byiyongera; icya kabiri, inganda zinyuranye z’imiti zatewe n’ikibazo cy’amafaranga Igiciro cy’ibikoresho fatizo cyaragabanutse cyane, mu gihe igabanuka ry’ibicuruzwa by’abaguzi ba nyuma nko gukora impapuro, amarangi, imyambaro, n’ibindi bitabaye ingirakamaro, byagabanije ibiciro by’umusaruro w’amazi ibigo bishinzwe kuvura no kongera inyungu zabo; gatatu, kuva umwaka ushize, ibisabwa mu kurengera ibidukikije mu gihugu byarushijeho gukomera. Mu buryo bukomeye, inganda zose z’imiti, icapiro n’irangi, n’inganda zikora impapuro zongereye imbaraga mu iyubakwa ry’imyanda. Ibigo byinshi biri mubikorwa byubwubatsi kandi ntabwo byigeze bikenerwa kubakozi bashinzwe gutunganya amazi. Ariko, mu ntangiriro zuyu mwaka, kubaka imishinga byarangiye ahanini. Kuzuza ibipimo byashizeho icyifuzo cyo gutunganya amazi. Byongeye kandi, nyuma y’ikibazo cy’amafaranga cyatangiye muri Nzeri umwaka ushize, ishoramari mu micungire y’ibidukikije naryo ryinjiye mu gihe gito. Bitewe nizi nyungu ebyiri, uyumwaka uzaba igihe cyo gukenera cyane abashinzwe gutunganya amazi; kane, ishingiye kubidukikije byiza byishoramari. Mu rwego rwo gutsinda ikibazo cy’amafaranga, leta yakomeje gushyiraho politiki y’ingoboka, cyane cyane mu gutunganya amazi mabi. Kubwibyo, ingingo nshya zo gukura kumasosiyete atunganya amazi azagenda akora buhoro buhoro.
Umucuruzi umaze imyaka myinshi akora ibikorwa byo kugurisha chloride ya polyaluminium yatangaje ko kwiyongera kw'ibikenewe ku isoko, kugabanuka kw'ibiciro by’umusaruro, ndetse no gushyigikirwa na politiki ari byiza kuri sosiyete, ariko icyarimwe, bumva igitutu kitigeze kibaho. Kuberako iyo ibigo byo hasi bitanga ibicuruzwa ubungubu, ibyo basabwa kubwiza bwibicuruzwa na nyuma yo kugurisha biri hejuru kuruta mbere. Ibi bihatira ibigo bireba kudafata amahirwe yiterambere gusa, ahubwo no kuvugurura ibitekerezo mugihe gikwiye no kongera impinduka zikoranabuhanga. Kunoza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa no kongera ishoramari mubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishya bitunganya amazi kugirango ushireho urufatiro rukomeye rwiterambere ryiza kandi rirambye ryinganda zose zitunganya amazi.
Iterambere ryibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi bikunda kuba icyatsi
Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana, impinduka zikomeye z’impinduramatwara zabaye mu cyerekezo cy’iterambere ry’ubumenyi bwa chimie n’ubuhanga mu bya shimi ku isi, byaranzwe no gutangiza igitekerezo cya “chimie green”. Nkumukozi utunganya amazi kumiti yihariye, ingamba ziterambere zayo zifitanye isano rya hafi na chimie yicyatsi.
Gukurikirana icyatsi kibisi gitunganya amazi gitangirira ku ngamba zirambye ziterambere kugira ngo tugere ku cyatsi cy’ibicuruzwa bitunganya amazi, icyatsi kibisi n’ibikoresho byo guhindura ibintu bikoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi, icyatsi kibisi uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi, icyatsi kibisi cyo gutunganya amazi reaction. Icyatsi kibisi cyibidukikije cyahindutse imbibi nubushakashatsi bwingenzi niterambere ryubumenyi bwa kamere.
Ikibazo cyingenzi muri iki gihe ni icyatsi kibisi cyibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi ya molekile, kubera ko hatabayeho molekile yagenewe, uburyo bwo kuyibyaza umusaruro ntibishoboka. Uhereye ku gitekerezo cya chimie yicyatsi, ukurikije imyitozo nubunararibonye bwumwanditsi, icyatsi kibisi gitunganya amazi gishobora guhera mubice bikurikira. Gutegura ibikoresho bitunganya amazi meza Igitekerezo cya chimie yicyatsi ni uguhindura icyerekezo cyiterambere cyikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya amazi n’imiti itunganya amazi. Ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika, ni ukuvuga ko ibintu bishobora kubora na mikorobe mu buryo bworoshye, bwemewe n’ibidukikije, ni uburyo bwingenzi bwo kugabanya ikwirakwizwa ry’ibintu bya shimi mu bidukikije. Kubwibyo, mugihe hateguwe uburyo bushya bwo gutunganya amazi bwangiza ibidukikije kandi butekanye kubantu, ibinyabuzima bishobora kubanza kwitabwaho.
Ubushakashatsi bwa synthesis twakoze bwerekana ko aside irike ya polyaspartique ifite uburemere buringaniye bwa molekile ifite ikwirakwizwa ryiza, kubuza ruswa, chelation nindi mirimo, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nkigipimo cyinshi, inhibitori ya ruswa kandi ikwirakwiza. Kongera gusuzuma ibicuruzwa biva mu mazi bihari Kuva igihugu cyanjye cyatangira ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gutunganya amazi n’ibikorwa byo gutunganya amazi mu ntangiriro ya za 70, ibisubizo byinshi byingenzi byagezweho. By'umwihariko mu gihe cy '“Umunani wa gatanu w’imyaka itanu” na “Gahunda ya cyenda y’imyaka itanu”, leta yatanze inkunga ikomeye mu bushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’imiti itunganya amazi, ibyo bikaba byateje imbere cyane iterambere ry’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu gutunganya amazi no gukora urukurikirane by'ikoranabuhanga n'ibicuruzwa bifite uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge.
Kugeza ubu, imiti itunganya amazi harimo cyane cyane ibiyobora ruswa, inhibitori, biocide na flocculants. Muri byo, ibiyobora ruswa hamwe n’ibipimo byangiza byegereye urwego mpuzamahanga rwateye imbere mu bijyanye n’iterambere ritandukanye. Kugeza ubu, amata y’amazi meza akoreshwa mu nganda zikwirakwiza amazi akonje cyane cyane ashingiye kuri fosifore, agera kuri 52 ~ 58%, amata ashingiye kuri molybdenum angana na 20%, amata ashingiye kuri silikoni angana na 5% -8%, na tungsten ishingiye kuri formula ya 5%%, izindi formula zingana na 5% ~ 10%. Igitekerezo cya chimie yicyatsi irongera gusuzuma uruhare nimikorere yimiti isanzwe itunganya amazi. Kubicuruzwa ibikorwa bimaze kumenyekana, biodegradability nicyo kintu cyingenzi cyo gusuzuma.
Nubwo fosifore ishingiye kuri ruswa hamwe na inhibitor zipima, aside polyacrylic nizindi polymers hamwe na kopi ya cololymer ikoreshwa cyane ku isoko ubu imaze gutera intambwe mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya amazi akonje, bagize uruhare runini mu gukemura ikibazo cyo kubura umutungo w’amazi bahuye nacyo. n'abantu. igira uruhare runini.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-01-2024
