Ingingo z'ingenzi kubikorwa byo gupima ubuziranenge bw'amazi mu nganda zitunganya imyanda igice cya kane

27. Ni ubuhe buryo bukomeye bw'amazi?
Ikimenyetso cyerekana ibintu byose byuzuye mumazi ni ibintu byose byuzuye, bigabanijwemo ibice bibiri: ibinyabuzima byose bihindagurika hamwe nibidashoboka byose. Ibikomeye byose birimo ibintu byahagaritswe (SS) hamwe n’ibishishwa byashushe (DS), buri kimwe muri byo gishobora nanone kugabanywamo ibice bikomeye kandi bidahindagurika.
Uburyo bwo gupima ibintu byose hamwe ni ugupima ubwinshi bwibintu bikomeye bisigaye nyuma y’amazi yanduye kuri 103oC ~ 105oC. Igihe cyo kumisha hamwe nubunini bwibice bikomeye bifitanye isano nicyuma cyakoreshejwe, ariko uko byagenda kose, uburebure bwigihe cyo kumisha bugomba gushingira Bishingiye kumyuka yuzuye y'amazi murugero rwamazi kugeza igihe misa izaba burigihe nyuma yo gukama.
Ibinyabuzima byose bihindagurika byerekana ubwinshi bwagabanutse mu gutwika ibintu byose ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa 600oC, bityo rero byitwa no gutakaza ibiro mu gutwika, kandi birashobora kugereranya ibirimo ibinyabuzima biri mu mazi. Igihe cyo gutwika nacyo kimeze nkigihe cyo gukama mugihe upimye ibintu byose. Igomba gutwikwa kugeza karubone zose ziri murugero zashize. Ubwinshi bwibikoresho bisigaye nyuma yo gutwikwa nigikomeye gihamye, kizwi kandi nk ivu, gishobora kugereranya hafi yibigize ibintu kama kama mumazi.
28.Ni ibiki bishonga?
Ibishishwa byashonze byitwa kandi ibintu byungurura. Akayunguruzo nyuma yo kuyungurura ibintu byahagaritswe bigahumuka kandi bikumishwa ku bushyuhe bwa 103oC ~ 105oC, hanyuma hapimwa ubwinshi bwibikoresho bisigaye, aribyo bishonga. Ibishishwa byashonze birimo imyunyu ngugu nibintu kama bishonga mumazi. Irashobora kubarwa hafi mugukuramo ingano yibintu byahagaritswe bivuye muri solide yose. Igice rusange ni mg / L.
Iyo imyanda yongeye gukoreshwa nyuma yo kuvurwa neza, ibishishwa byayo byashonze bigomba kugenzurwa murwego runaka. Bitabaye ibyo, hazabaho ingaruka mbi zaba zikoreshwa mugutunganya icyatsi, gusukura umusarani, gukaraba imodoka nandi mazi atandukanye cyangwa nkamazi azenguruka inganda. Minisiteri y’ubwubatsi igipimo ngenderwaho “Ubuziranenge bw’amazi ku mazi atandukanye yo mu ngo” CJ / T48–1999 buteganya ko ibishishwa byashongeshejwe by’amazi yakoreshejwe mu gutunganya icyatsi no mu bwiherero bidashobora kurenga 1200 mg / L, hamwe n’ibishishwa by’amazi yakoreshejwe mu modoka gukaraba no gukora isuku Ntishobora kurenga 1000 mg / L.
29.Ubunyu nubunyu bwamazi niki?
Umunyu urimo amazi witwa nanone umunyu, ugereranya umunyu wose urimo amazi. Igice rusange ni mg / L. Kubera ko umunyu uri mumazi byose bibaho muburyo bwa ion, ibirimo umunyu nigiteranyo cyumubare wa anion na cations zitandukanye mumazi.
Birashobora kugaragara mubisobanuro ko ibishishwa byashongeshejwe byamazi biruta ibyunyunyu byacyo, kuko ibishishwa byashonze nabyo birimo ibintu bimwe na bimwe kama. Iyo ibinyabuzima biri mumazi ari bike cyane, ibishishwa byashonze birashobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo kugereranya umunyu mumazi.
30.Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gutwara amazi?
Imyitwarire nigisubizo cyo kurwanya igisubizo cyamazi, kandi igice cyacyo ni μs / cm. Umunyu utandukanye ushonga mumazi ubaho muburyo bwa ionic, kandi izo ion zifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi. Iyo umunyu ushonga mumazi, niko ion nyinshi, kandi niko amazi agenda neza. Kubwibyo, ukurikije ubwikorezi, irashobora kwerekana mu buryo butaziguye ingano yumunyu mwinshi mumazi cyangwa ibishishwa bikomeye byamazi.
Ubushobozi bwamazi meza yatoboye ni 0.5 kugeza kuri 2 μs / cm, ubwinshi bwamazi ya ultrapure ntabwo ari munsi ya 0.1 μs / cm, kandi ubwinshi bwamazi yibanze asohoka mumazi yoroshye arashobora kuba hejuru yibihumbi μs / cm.